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1990-06-26
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CONTENTS
1. TUTORIAL INTRODUCTION.......................................... 2
2. CALLING DSZ FROM COMM PROGRAMS................................. 3
2.1 Ms-Kermit 3.00.......................................... 3
2.2 PROCOMM PLUS............................................ 3
2.3 Qmodem.................................................. 4
2.4 PROCOMM................................................. 5
2.5 GT POWER 13.00/14.00.................................... 5
2.6 BULLETIN BOARDS......................................... 5
3. DESCRIPTION.................................................... 7
4. COMMANDS....................................................... 9
4.1 List of Commands........................................ 9
4.2 Interrupt Keys.......................................... 14
5. NUMERIC PARAMETERS............................................. 15
6. ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES.......................................... 18
7. EXIT STATUS.................................................... 22
8. EXAMPLES....................................................... 23
9. BACKGROUND OPERATION........................................... 24
10. FLOW CONTROL................................................... 26
11. ERROR MESSAGES................................................. 27
11.1 Got ZRPOS............................................... 28
11.2 Serial Input Error: Line Status Register xx ............ 29
11.3 No Carrier Detect....................................... 31
11.4 Port %d (%X) defective.................................. 31
11.5 COMMAND NOT FOUND....................................... 31
11.6 Out of Environment...................................... 31
12. SLOW TRANSFERS................................................. 33
13. IN CASE OF DIFFICULTY.......................................... 34
13.1 LOCKUPS................................................. 34
13.1.1 Insufficient Memory 34
13.1.2 Environment TOO BIG 34
13.1.3 Bad COM Port Configuration 34
13.2 Incorrect Batch Files................................... 35
13.3 Cheap Internal Modems................................... 35
13.4 Commands Entered in Upper Case.......................... 35
13.5 No Carrier Detect....................................... 36
13.6 PKARC 3.6............................................... 36
13.7 DOS 3.x................................................. 36
13.8 Perstor Controllers..................................... 36
13.9 IBM PS/2 Model 50Z...................................... 36
13.10 Brain Damaged UARTS..................................... 37
13.10.1 Everex Internal Modems 37
13.11 Weird Iron.............................................. 37
13.12 Will the real YMODEM please stand up?................... 38
13.13 286 and 386 Extended Memory............................. 38
13.14 Disk Caches............................................. 38
14. ASSOCIATED DOCUMENTS........................................... 39
15. FILES.......................................................... 40
16. Other Omen Technology Products................................. 42
16.1 Professional-YAM COMMS TOOLS............................ 42
16.2 ZCOMM: Industrial Strength COMMS Shareware.............. 42
16.3 ZMODEM Developer's Collection........................... 42
17. FAIR PLAY...................................................... 43
17.1 Sharing DSZ Files....................................... 43
17.2 REGISTRATION............................................ 45
17.3 Files on Registration Disk.............................. 46
17.4 Bulletin Board Registration............................. 47
18. CHANGES........................................................ 49
19. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS............................................... 56
Chuck Forsberg
Omen Technology Inc
ABSTRACT
ZMODEM-90(TM) - Not just another XMODEM hack
DSZ is one of many available programs that implement the ZMODEM file
transfer protocol.
DSZ's ZMODEM provides advanced file management features including two
levels of Intelligent Crash Recovery(TM), and flexible control of
selective file transfers. Omen Technology's Professional-YAM
Communications Tools also provide security verified command downloading.
The ZMODEM file transfer protocol provides reliable file and command
transfers with complete END-TO-END data integrity between application
programs. DSZ's 32 bit CRC protects against errors that sneak by "error
free" modems and even the most advanced networks.
ZMODEM safeguards all data and supervisory information with effective
error detection. (XMODEM and many recently introduced protocols do not
protect vital supervisory data.)
ZMODEM rapidly transfers files, particularly with buffered (error
correcting) modems, timesharing systems, satellite relays, and wide area
packet switched networks. ZMODEM's streaming operation eliminates
delays caused by Kermit/XMODEM/YMODEM/JMODEM block acknowledgements.
ZMODEM eliminates the classic XMODEM/YMODEM/JMODEM PACKET LENGTH
compromises between transfer efficiency and error recovery. ZMODEM's
packet length is the entire file.
User Friendliness is an important ZMODEM feature. ZMODEM AutoDownloadm
(Automatic file Download without user intervention) provides a level of
convenience unimaginable to users of traditional protocols.
DSZ - a ZMODEM-90(TM), True YMODEM(TM), XMODEM File Transfer Program
Omen Technology Inc
Omen Technology Incorporated
The High Reliability Software
17505-V Northwest Sauvie Island Road
Portland Oregon 97231
TeleGodzilla BBS: 503-621-3746 Speed 1200,2400,19200
FAX: 503-621-3735
CompuServe:70007,2304 GEnie:CAF
UUCP: ...!tektronix!reed!omen!caf
*************************************************************************
There's something special about DSZ registration. With most programs,
registration applies only to the current version. DSZ isn't like that.
DSZ registration bypasses the shareware announcement and unlocks the
advanced features in all past and future versions of DSZ. You don't
have to pay and pay again for new versions. Omen's Demand Upgrade(TM)
technology allows you to download and activate future DSZ versions
without further registration!
*************************************************************************
Chapter 1 Pg 2 DSZ Reference Rev Jun-26-90 Typeset 6-26-90
1. TUTORIAL INTRODUCTION
If you have difficulty getting DSZ to work, please follow the procedure
given below.
Do not run any TSR or other COMM program. Reboot a clean DOS if
necessary.
Start with the following command given directly from the DOS prompt:
dsz port 1 speed 2400 d t
Type it exactly as it appears above; do NOT use upper case.
(Change the port number and speed as necessary. Use only COM1 or COM2
for testing.)
This connects you to the modem. Dial a bulletin board by typing AT
commands to the modem ("ATDP621-3746 <enter>")[1] to make it dial the
BBS. Log in as usual. Then, request a ZMODEM download of a file you
don't already have. The file will download automatically, you don't
have to do anything. This procedure verifies the correct operation of
DSZ.
__________
1. If your modem has a non standard setting the ATDT621-3746 command
you type to the modem may not echo on the screen.
Chapter 2 Pg 3 DSZ Reference Rev Jun-26-90 Typeset 6-26-90
2. CALLING DSZ FROM COMM PROGRAMS
It may be necessary to give a
SET COMSPEC=A:\COMMAND.COM
(change as needed) in your AUTOEXEC.BAT file to allow programs to call
DSZ.
Note: NO SPACES in the SET command!
2.1 Ms-Kermit 3.00
The "push" command (^[p) in MS-Kermit 3.00 sends an XOFF character to
the modem before calling DOS.
Using this to activate DSZ's term mode with a "dsz t" command causes
most remote hosts to stop. The remote host can be un-wedged by
keyboarding XON (Ctrl-Q) from DSZ's terminal mode.
2.2 PROCOMM PLUS
DSZ may not operate properly when called from ProComm if ProComm has
files open at the time.
Make sure the DSZ program is in your search path. If you don't see DSZ
announce itself when called from ProComm, DSZ is not in your search
path.
COM3 and COM4 on Procomm are non standard; in case of difficulty use
COM1 or COM2 or read this document carefully.
Here are some handy settings for ProComm Plus.
First, set the DOS environment as necessary before running ProComm.
Give these commands to DOS before running ProComm.
Note: NO SPACES in the SET command!
SET DSZPORT=2 (Only needed for COM2)
SET DSZLOG=DSZ.LOG (Only if you wish a log file)
Then set ProComm's external protocol strings to:
A- External protocol 1 upload filename: ZMODEMU
B- External protocol 1 download filename: ZMODEMD
C- External protocol 2 download filename: ZMODEMMD
The following batch files are included in the DSZ zipfile:
ZMODEMU.BAT contains: DSZ sz %1 %2 %3 %4 %5 %6 %7 %8 %9
ZMODEMD.BAT contains: DSZ rz
ZMODEMDR.BAT contains: DSZ rz -r
Chapter 2 Pg 4 DSZ Reference Rev Jun-26-90 Typeset 6-26-90
ZMODEMMD.BAT contains: DSZ rz -mr
ZMODEMAD.BAT contains: DSZ t
!!!!IMPORTANT USE lower case (small letters) EXCEPT WHERE SHOWN!!!!
When sending (uploading) files with ZMODEMU.BAT give the ProComm window
the full pathname (c:/foo/bar/file.ext) for *each* file not residing in
the current directory.
Once you've got the hang of things the "ProComm way", try the "dsz t"
command described above to give you automatic ZMODEM downloads (Look Ma,
no keystrokes!!!)..
2.3 Qmodem
If you define a protocol with 'Z' as its letter, the latest Qmodem will
detect automatic ZMODEM downloads.
The following is based on a message from Mike Cody, sysop of HomePlate
313-385-9969 3/12/24/96 HST
Go into Qinstall and go to frame 3 Directories. Then select External
protocols #3 I think. Now you will see a definition area to tell Qmodem
the Letter,batchfile combo to use.
Now put Z in the letter definition, Zup.bat in the u/l batch zdown.bat
in the d/l batch, and Y in the batch protocol. Now save it at the menu
with f10 and S.
Then go to DOS and create the following batch files in your Qmodem
directory...
zdown.bat: DSZ port %2 speed %1 rz -rr
zmdown.bat: DSZ port %2 speed %1 rz -mrr ((FOR MOBYTURBO!!))
zup.bat: DSZ port %2 speed %1 sz %3
!!!!IMPORTANT USE lower case (small letters) EXCEPT WHERE SHOWN!!!!
These are the batch files that will be called by Qmodem. If you did
everything right when you hit PGDN or PGUP you will see an external
protocol called Z) Zmodem in the box. For an easier time do a search for
either External.arc or maybe the string "Qmodem" in the file database as
there is a file with several external protocols and batch files
available in the Mahoney file section (EXEC BBS).
The following batch files for Qmodem are included in the DSZ zipfile:
ZDOWN.BAT contains: DSZ port %2 speed %1 rz -rr
ZUP.BAT contains: DSZ port %2 speed %1 sz %3
Chapter 2 Pg 5 DSZ Reference Rev Jun-26-90 Typeset 6-26-90
!!!!IMPORTANT USE lower case (small letters) EXCEPT WHERE SHOWN!!!!
2.4 PROCOMM
DSZ may not operate properly when called from ProComm if ProComm has
files open at the time.
A number of reports have been received of problems running DSZ from
ProComm Plus because of insufficient memory. Please refer to the
subchapter on LOCKUPS.
When running under ProComm's Host mode, failure to use the DSZ CON
command may cause ProComm to lock up the computer, or at least interfere
with file transfers, etc.
EXAMPLE: DSZ CON sz %1
A number of third party programs have been developed to provide a
congenial interface to DSZ if you have enough memory to spare. The POE,
PCALL, DSZ_ZAP, and PROZ programs have been popular in interfacing DSZ
to ProComm's editor gateway. These programs are available on many
bulletin boards.
Hint: the DOS PATH environment variable must include ProComm's directory
to allow POE to locate all the POE files,. The POE files should be
stored in the ProComm directory. Setting the "PROCOMM" environment
variable is insufficient.
2.5 GT POWER 13.00/14.00
GT Power version 13/14 includes a YMRX.BAT (YMODEM-g receive) file with
an "rz" command. You guessed it, "rz" is for ZMODEM protocol (the z
means ZMODEM!). Please change the file to use the correct "rb -g" for
YMODEM-g.
The files ZMTX.ARC and GT1300.NOT available on many bulletin boards
contain useful information for GT Power users.
2.6 BULLETIN BOARDS
When installing DSZ on a bulletin board or host system, be sure to check
for proper operation when the caller hangs up while a file is being sent
or received.
Currently, Only the TurboC version supports file sharing (shared read
access on files sent by dsz).
Some bulletin board interface routines do not call DSZ to send a file
Chapter 2 Pg 6 DSZ Reference Rev Jun-26-90 Typeset 6-26-90
until they have verified the file's presence by opening the file. If
this checking is done in DOS's default exclusive open mode, dsz's file
sharing will be defeated.
Chapter 3 Pg 7 DSZ Reference Rev Jun-26-90 Typeset 6-26-90
3. DESCRIPTION
DSZ is a "protocol driver" that uses ZMODEM-90(TM), True YMODEM(TM), or
XMODEM to transfer files over a serial port with a variety of programs.
DSZ has two main commands for ZMODEM transfers: "sz" sends file(s), and
"rz" receives them.
When calling bulletin boards to download files with ZMODEM you can avoid
the bother of starting DSZ for each transfer by calling DSZ first,
before asking the BBS for the download.
dsz t
The "t" command allows you to keyboard the file request directly to the
BBS. (The "t" stands for "terminal emulation".) Just give the "dsz t"
command from DOS or your comms program's DOS GATEWAY. DSZ's ZMODEM
AutoDownload then receives the file automatically, using the filename
provided by the BBS, without any wasted keystrokes or delay. Try it,
you'll like it! (The "t" command is described below.)
YMODEM downloads are almost as easy. Use the "t" command as shown
above, and hit the F3 key after telling the board to download a file
with YMODEM.
ZMODEM and True YMODEM(TM) transfers preserve exact file length and
modification time.
DSZ supports XMODEM-1k (XMODEM with 1024 byte blocks, sometimes
mislabeled as ymodem) and CRC-16 with the sx -k and rc commands.
DSZ is derived from Omen Technology's "Professional-YAM" high
reliability communications tools (also known as PowerCom(TM)) and Omen
Technology's ZCOMM User Supported Communications Software. DSZ supports
a subset of Pro-YAM's file transfer related commands. This
documentation makes extensive references to contemporary editions of the
Pro-YAM or ZCOMM manual, and is incomplete without it. (Registered
copies include an alternate, copyrighted file.)
DSZ is usually called from a communications or bulletin board program.
DSZ uses its own modem I/O. The original interrupt vector, UART parity,
and interrupt configuration are restored on exit. The original state of
the 8259 interrupt mask bit for this vector is also restored on exit.
DSZ uses DOS standard output (stdout) for messages. DSZ never writes
directly to the screen. DSZ expects its standard output to point to the
console, a logging file, or NUL, but never the modem port. If dsz's
standard output is redirected to the modem (as with ProComm's Host mode
DOS shell), the combination will lock up the computer. When necessary,
dsz's standard output can be redirected back to the console device with
Chapter 3 Pg 8 DSZ Reference Rev Jun-26-90 Typeset 6-26-90
the CON command.
Users of pcAnywhere must use dsz's A command to disable pcAnywhere host
mode during file transfers.
Chapter 3 Pg 9 DSZ Reference Rev Jun-26-90 Typeset 6-26-90
4. COMMANDS
***********************************************************
NOTE WELL
Except as noted, all commands and options must be typed in lower case.
DO NOT USE UPPER CASE!!
Case is significant!
***********************************************************
Optional commands or arguments are shown in square brackets [].
When used (in any combination), the A, CON, port, speed, handshake,
estimate, and d commands must be used in exactly this order.
dsz [A] [CON] [port N] [speed S] [handshake XX] [D] [d] [restrict]
command
4.1 List of Commands
A Suspend pcAnywhere operation during file transfers. The A command
is used to avoid lockups caused by pcAnywhere host mode. This
command should be given to the DSZ running under pcAnywhere host
mode.
EXAMPLE: C>dsz A sz *.foo Sends files from a pcAnywhere hosted
machine to you.
Fm: Al de la Torre
1 sending from host to remote
type: "dsz A sz filename.ext" ENTER
shell to dos on remote machine (ctrl-Rshift)
type: "dsz A rz" ENTER
2 sending from remote to host
type: "dsz A rz" ENTER
shell to dos on remote machine (ctrl-Rshift)
type: "dsz A sz filename.ext" ENTER
CON Redirect message output to the DOS "CON" (console) device,
overriding any previous redirections. This is necessary to avoid
lockups caused by ProComm host mode. Most programs do not require
this hack. This command is unique to DSZ.
port N select port N (n = 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8, 10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18)
Default is port 1 (COM1) or read from the DSZPORT dos environment
variable. COM11 to COM18 refer to the COM1 to COM8 ports on the
PS/2.
Chapter 4 Pg 10 DSZ Reference Rev Jun-26-90 Typeset 6-26-90
*****************************************************************
NOTE
Only COM1 and COM2 are standard on all PC compatible computers.
Multiple standards exist for COM3 and above, so use only COM1 or
COM2 when first installing DSZ.
*****************************************************************
DSZ COM3 uses 3E8 and IRQ4. DSZ COM4 uses 2E8 and IRQ3.
DSZ COM7 uses 2E8 and IRQ5. DSZ COM8 uses 3E8 and IRQ5.
If you wish to use COM3 or COM4 and your computer is not wired
according to one of these choices, you MUST use the "portx"
command to specify base address and interrupt vector.
EXAMPLE: to use COM2:
dsz port 2 rz
In multitasking operation, accessing a port used by another
running program will hang the machine.
portx base,irq To select an arbitrary port address and interrupt vector,
the portx command must be used instead of the port command.
Please refer to DSZBG.DOC (provided on the Registration Diskette)
or the Professional-YAM or ZCOMM (ZCOMMDOC.ZIP) manuals for
details on this command.
EXAMPLE: dsz portx 3e8,4 speed 2400 rz
speed S Set the specified speed. This command is rarely needed because
DSZ reads the port's current speed by default. Please refer to
the FLOW CONTROL, MAIN COMMANDS and SOFTWARE COEXISTENCE chapters
in DSZBG.ZOO or the ZCOMM or Pro-YAM manual for important
information about the speed command.
Please study all the chapters of this document when using speeds
above 2400 bps.
Officially, DSZ supports a maximum speed of 38400. However, you
are welcome to experiment with higher speeds up to 115200.
handshake XX Enable one of several choices of hardware handshake. (The
default is XOFF/XON software handshake). This command is
documented in the ZCOMM or Pro-YAM manual, and in DSZBG.DOC. (The
ZCOMM manual is available on all bulletin boards registered for
DSZ as ZCOMMDOC.ZIP.) On DSZ the "handshake" command may be
Chapter 4 Pg 11 DSZ Reference Rev Jun-26-90 Typeset 6-26-90
abbreviated to "ha".
D Disables the modem (drops Data Terminal Ready, DTR) if carrier is
lost. This may be used to prevent spurious events (phone ringing)
from interfering with the calling bulletin board's recovery from
carrier loss.
d Disables carrier dropout monitoring, for modems that do not
properly drive the "Carrier Detect" input on the PC. If you see a
No Carrier Detect message, you need to give the d command. Before
using the d command, make sure you have the proper port
selected!!!
estimate length [speed] Use the specified length and optional specified
effective transfer speed for the next receive file to be created.
This command must come after any port, speed, or handshake
commands. Please refer to DSZBG.ZOO or the ZCOMM User's manual
for details.
The following makes DSZ calculate file transfer times on the basis
of 290 character per second aggregate transfer rate:
EXAMPLE: dsz port 2 speed 9600 estimate 0 2900 rz
EXAMPLE: dsz port 2 speed 9600 estimate 0 2900 sz bigmama.zip
pxN Set a numeric parameter x to N. These parameters are mostly a
subset of the Pro-YAM/ZCOMM numeric parameters, and are listed
below. They assume their defaults each time DSZ is called.
Without an argument, p displays the numeric parameters and their
values.
EXAMPLE: C>dsz p
z pxN Set zmodem numeric parameter x to N. These parameters
correspond to the Pro-YAM or ZCOMM "zmodem" parameters and rarely
need changing. These parameters assume their defaults each time
DSZ is called. Without an argument, z p displays the zmodem
numeric parameters and their values.
restrict Restrict incoming pathnames (YMODEM/ZMODEM) to the current disk
and directory tree, and disallow modification or overwriting of
existing files. The restrict command causes partially received
files to be deleted. When DSZ is restricted, it will refuse to
transfer files containing the string autoexec.bat and command.com
Chapter 4 Pg 12 DSZ Reference Rev Jun-26-90 Typeset 6-26-90
in upper or lower case. This provides some defense from malicious
uploaded files.
EXAMPLE: dsz restrict rz
t [-T] [-8g] Talk with ZMODEM AutoDownload.
The optional -T forces DSZ to exit after it has recognized a
ZMODEM AutoDownload(TM) request.
The optional -8g (available on registered copies only) enables
reception of "BBS (ANSI) graphics" displays. (A video device
driver such as ANSI.SYS must be loaded to support some types of
graphics.)
A small subset of ZCOMM/Pro-YAM term function subcommands are
recognized:
Keyboard F1 or ALT-X to exit.
F3 receives file(s) with True YMODEM(TM),
ALT-P toggles parity between the 8n default and 8g (enables ANSI
"graphics").
ALT-H toggles two local echo ("Half Duplex") modes; the second
displays a newline (CR/LF) when Enter is keyboarded.
Keyboarded ASCII characters are sent to the modem.
ALT-B sends a break.
Characters from the modem print on the screen. A device driver
such as ANSI.SYS may be used to recognize escape sequences.
DSZ's ZMODEM AutoDownload(TM) detects the start of a ZMODEM file
download and accepts the file(s) without operator intervention.
rz [-abeEmMnpPrt+YZy] [dir] [file ...] (ZMODEM-90 receive) **
rz [-abenprt+Yy] [dir] [file ...] (ZMODEM receive) **
rb [-abt+y] [dir] [file ...] (YMODEM receive) **
rb -g [-abt+y] [dir] [file ...] (YMODEM-g receive) **
rc [-abt+y] file1 (XMODEM/CRC receive)
ro [-abt+y] file1 (XMODEM OverThruster receive)
Chapter 4 Pg 13 DSZ Reference Rev Jun-26-90 Typeset 6-26-90
rx [-abt+y] file1 (XMODEM receive)
rx -g [-abt+y] file1 (Qmodem-G receive) **
** Download directory specification and -g ignored w/o
registration
sz [-abefnprtFYQS+yZ] [-w[N]] [PREFIX=p | ONAME=n] file ...(ZMODEM
send)
sz [-abeEfmMnpPrtFYQS+yZ] [-w[N]] [PREFIX=p | ONAME=n] file
...(ZMODEM-90 send)
Pathnames are separated by spaces. Wildcards are OK.
EXAMPLE: dsz port 2 sz -r /tmp/file1 /tmp/file3 *.c
The "sz" and "sb" commands exploit DOS's tree structured file
system. A directory or disk specifier expands to all files in
that directory.
EXAMPLE: dsz port 2 sz -r C:srcdir
If you use PREFIX= or ONAME= with the "sb" or "sz" commands, these
pathnames should be entered in lower case unless the underlying
file system supports upper AND lower case.
EXAMPLE: dsz port 2 sz -r ONAME=newsrc.c temp.c
sb [-ft] [PREFIX=p | ONAME=n] file ... (YMODEM or YMODEM-g send)
sb -k [-ft] [PREFIX=p | ONAME=n] file ... (YMODEM-1k or YMODEM-g
send)
sx [-t] file1 (XMODEM, XMODEM/CRC, Qmodem-G send)
sx -k [-t] file1 (XMODEM-1k send)
v Verify the serial number by writing a log entry (see DSZLOG).
v 1 0 bps 0 cps 0 errors 0 128 s/n 666
The letter "v" indicates a verification entry. The first numeric
field is 1 if YMODEM-g is supported. The last field is the serial
number. Unregistered copies show a s/n of 0.
Chapter 4 Pg 14 DSZ Reference Rev Jun-26-90 Typeset 6-26-90
o Turn off Data Terminal Ready (DTR), terminating ("offing") the
connection if the modem responds to DTR. Useful with the "t"
command to disconnect afterwards.
EXAMPLE: dsz t o
LARG Convert ARG to lower case, then parse arg.
The meanings of optional arguments to the file transfer commands are
described in DSZBG.DOC and the ZCOMM/Pro-YAM manual.
The s (SlugBait) option prevents a receiver from receiving a file
without accounting for it. Attempts to do so are flagged with a Q
status in the log file. This option can cause a transfer that
legitimately fails near the end of the file to be reported as
Questionable rather than ERROR. SlugBait causes DSZ to return success
if at least one file is transferred.
Send files may be specified indirectly:
dsz sz @C:files.lst
sends the files in C:files.lst. This provides another means of
bypassing the DOS command line limit. The first letter must be "@" and
the third letter must be ":" to distinguish this from an ordinary
pathname. Pathnames in the indirection file may be separated by any
combination of space(s), tab(s), CR and/or LF. No spaces may appear
inside a pathname; "FOO .BAR" won't work.
4.2 Interrupt Keys
Ctrl-Break Terminates the transfer in progress.
ALT-N Abruptly terminates (NUKES) the transfer in progress.
Ctrl-X Typing a dozen Ctrl-X characters to another ZMODEM program
terminates ZMODEM operations.
ALT-F Skips the current file in ZMODEM transfers.
ALT-B Cancels the current ZMODEM session.
Chapter 5 Pg 15 DSZ Reference Rev Jun-26-90 Typeset 6-26-90
5. NUMERIC PARAMETERS
DSZ uses the following main numeric parameters, settable with the pxN
command.
EXAMPLE: C>dsz pQ0
In addition, DSZ uses the Pro-YAM/ZCOMM zmodem numeric parameters
described in the Pro-YAM/ZCOMM reference manual (ZCOMMDOC.ZIP) and in
DSZBG.DOC.
B Set the size of buffer used for disk reads and writes. The default
is 1024, 4096 maximum (16384 max on DSZ.EXE). If your copy of DSZ
is running on a floppy disk system or a very slow turkey hard disk,
a larger value may give better results. Too large a value may
exhaust memory, induce receiver timeouts, cause disconnects(!), or
generate spurious CRC errors. If performance logging doesn't work,
this parameter is too big.
EXAMPLE: C>dsz pB4096 sz A:floppy.fil
Setting the buffer size may lock out the performance log, DSZFILES,
and/or indirect pathname list in DSZ.COM.
IF YOU AREN'T BLOODY SURE YOU NEED A BIGGER BUFFER, DON'T USE ONE.
Please understand that the B parameter has nothing to do with
anything you've heard about 128, 1024 or 8192 byte XMODEM style
blocks. Normally, ZMODEM's block size is the entire file.
O This parameter controls XMODEM OverThruster(TM). It is described in
dszbg.doc. This file is part of the software package sent to paid
registrants.
P After a "speed" command, if you give a p command (display
parameters), the P parameter value will indicate the type of serial
I/O UART chip detected. DSZ automatically detects and enables the
FIFO on the NS16550A, NS16550AFN, and Intel 82510 chips.
EXAMPLE: dsz port 1 speed 19200 p
0 Indicates a standard 8250 or 16450 UART with no special features.
1 Indicates an NS16550AN or NS16550AFN with 16 deep receive FIFO.
These are the preferred chips.
2 Indicates an Intel 82510 with 3 deep receive FIFO.
Chapter 5 Pg 16 DSZ Reference Rev Jun-26-90 Typeset 6-26-90
The sequence "port 1 pP1 speed 19200" bypasses DSZ's verification
checks normally performed on the FIFO configuration and may allow
defective FIFO logic on certain chips to be used. This incantation
is not required for the NS16550AN or NS16550AFN.
The sequence "pP-1 speed 2400" should be used with the Western
Digital WD16550 chip to disable the non standard FIFO on that chip.
The WD16550 FIFO has been observed to lose data when transmitting at
2400 bps and slower speeds. The minimum speed for normal transmit
FIFO operation with the WD16C550 may vary with different computers.
Q Error code returned to DOS (default 1). (Success always returns 0.)
Some programs toss cookies when confronted with certain exit codes.
EXAMPLE: dsz pQ-1 sz foo.bar
DSZ reports an error if no files have been transferred, even if the
command used wasn't supposed to transfer any file(s).
R If set to 1, causes partially received files to be deleted.
EXAMPLE: DSZ pR1 rz
S Timeout in seconds (default 15) waiting for restraint release (XON
and/or handshake).
W Wait for Enter key before exiting after an error. Effective only on
registered copies. Useful when calling DSZ from DESQview, allows
the window to close unless there is an error message that should
remain visible.
EXAMPLE: C>dsz pW1 sz foo.bar
a Calibrates certain protocol timeouts used with XMODEM and YMODEM
transfers (Cybernetic Data Recovery(TM)). This parameter does not
affect ZMODEM transfers.
The a numeric parameter is automatically set to 2000 for a 4.77 mHz
PC or XT, 4000 for a PS2/30, 6000 for an 8 mHz 1ws AT, and 12000 for
a PS2/80. If your computer has a speedup card or otherwise runs
unusually fast (or slow!) for its type, you may set the a numeric
parameter to a value that reflects its speed.
EXAMPLE: dsz port 2 pa4000 rb
Chapter 5 Pg 17 DSZ Reference Rev Jun-26-90 Typeset 6-26-90
NOTE: Setting this parameter does not suppress the "Unknown Machine
Type" message which is displayed before the command line is scanned.
d A non zero value (the default) causes incoming files received with
ZMODEM and full YMODEM transfers to have their Date set to that sent
in the file header. ZMODEM's file management features depend on the
transmission of each file's modification date. Files will have the
same creation date, even if the two machines are in different time
zones. When transferring files to/from a Unix system, creation
dates are interpreted according to GMT or Universal Coordinated
Time. File dating may be disabled with a pd0 command.
NOTE: Backdating file creation times may confuse some backup
programs.
v Verbose level (debugging output) Negative values inhibit some
routine messages. Setting v to 1 or greater causes serialized
copies to ring the bell when a transfer is done.
z Timezone in minutes behind GMT, used for ZMODEM and True YMODEM file
transfers to coordinate the actual date of the file with computers
in other time zones. Effective on registered copies. PDT or MST
corresponds to 420. This may be preset with the ZONE DOS
environment variable.
Chapter 6 Pg 18 DSZ Reference Rev Jun-26-90 Typeset 6-26-90
6. ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
The following DOS environment variables may be set to modify DSZ
operation. DOS environment variables are set by giving a command to
DOS.
EXAMPLE: set DSZPORT=2
The following form may be used for arbitrary address/vector
combinations:
EXAMPLE: set DSZPORT=3e8,4
These DOS "set" commands may be placed in your AUTOEXEC.BAT file or
given just before you run your communications program.
IMPORTANT! Do not add spaces to these commands!!
set DSZPORT = 2 WILL NOT WORK!
DIRRX (Registered copies only.) Specifies the directory to receive
(download) files. If the sting in DIRRX ends with "/", directory
and/or disk designators in the incoming pathname are stripped, and
only the stem (name and extension) is used. Otherwise, if an
incoming file has an absolute pathname, the incoming pathname is
used.
EXAMPLE: set DIRRX=C:/rxdir/
dsz rz -r
EXAMPLE: set DIRRX=B:/
The DOS "set" command defining the receive directory may be placed
in your AUTOEXEC.BAT file. Make certain there is enough environment
space to hold this value. Confirm this by typing "set" to the DOS
prompt and verifying the DIRRX value is listed correctly.
DSZFILES May contain a list of up to 9999 pathnames to transmit, with
entries separated by spaces. If present, DSZFILES is used in place
of a normal command line list of files to send with the sb and sz
commands.
EXAMPLE: C>set DSZFILES=file1 file2 file3 *.c
C>dsz port 2 handshake on sz -rr
In practice, this string would be built up by a calling program and
passed to DSZ with a "spawnvpe", "execvpe", or similar subroutine
call.
Chapter 6 Pg 19 DSZ Reference Rev Jun-26-90 Typeset 6-26-90
SEE ALSO: Pathname list specification @C:files.lst
DSZLOG log file to receive entries for files sent and received.
(Default null). Sample entries:
Z 46532 38400 bps 3324 cps 0 errors 66 1024 DSZ.COM 1177
Z 124087 19200 bps 1880 cps 0 errors 6 1024 MXY.TMP 1177
Transfer times are based on the DOS time of day clock and have up to
two seconds' uncertainty. As with all protocol throughput reports
generated by Omen Technology programs (and contrary to the false
claims of some critics), DSZ's throughput figures for ZMODEM,
Kermit, and True YMODEM(TM) transfers do not take "credit" for
pathname and/or protocol overhead characters. DSZ's throughput
reports do not include the time required to send the pathname. This
understates the true time required to transfer files, but the time
required to send the pathname often depends on the alacrity of the
operator, and thus does not always reflect the performance of the
protocol itself.
Transfers measuring less than one second are reported as having 9999
characters per second throughput.
The unlabeled numeric field after the error (retry) count is the
number of flow control stoppages encountered sending the file. This
number gives an indication of flow control restrictions (overloaded
networks, etc.) encountered during the transfer.
The last numeric field before the file name is the YMODEM block size
or ZMODEM subpacket length used for the last block in the file.
The last field is the serial number of the other program, or -1 if
this information is not available.
The code letter indicates the type of transfer, Z (ZMODEM), S
(X/YMODEM), R (X/YMODEM), E (error), or L (transfer terminated by
loss of data carrier).
WARNING: If DSZ encounters a loss of carrier or other fatal error
condition before a file COMMENCES transmission, a log entry may not
be made.
EXAMPLE: C>set DSZLOG=C:/yam/dszlog
Chapter 6 Pg 20 DSZ Reference Rev Jun-26-90 Typeset 6-26-90
DSZOPT (Registered copies only) String containing default options for
DSZ file transfers. Options are optional modifiers to the DSZ sz,
rz, sx, rx, sb, rb commands.
A T may be appended to the string to force DSZ to exit after it has
recognized a ZMODEM AutoDownload(TM) request.
An 8g may be appended to the string to make BBS (ANSI) graphics the
default for DSZ's t command. The ability to preset these options is
especially helpful for controlling ZMODEM automatic downloads from
DSZ's t command.
EXAMPLE: C>set DSZOPT=r
Enables DSZ's Intelligent Crash Recovery(TM) as a default.
Let's say you wish ZMODEM crash recovery, and BBS "graphics" for the
DSZ term function:
C>set DSZOPT=r8g
If you're downloading files from GEnie with an MNP modem, the
following will speed up your downloads with Genie's ZMODEM-90Tm.
(You can recognize ZMODEM-90 on GEnie two ways: 1) MobyTurboTm is
used to speed ZIP and ARC downloads, 2) "sz 4.xx" is displayed at
the end of transfer. As of this writing, ZMODEM-90 may not be
available in all libraries.) Note that (as usual with DSZ) case is
significant: the "r" must be lower case, the "W" upper case.
C>set DSZOPT=rW16384
WARNING: Do NOT include "ena" or any other commands in the DSZOPT
string. With the exception of the "8g" mode, only **options** may
be placed in the DSZOPT string! (Options are the letters that
modify the sz, rz, sb, etc. commands. In "rz -r", "r" is an
option.)
MAXBYTES Maximum number of bytes allowed for transfer. If this number
is exceeded, DSZ skips the offending files (ZMODEM) or aborts
remaining files in the batch (YMODEM).
DSZPORT Default communications port override, default 1.
EXAMPLE: C>set DSZPORT=2
IMPORTANT! NO SPACES!!
ZONE sets the z numeric parameter to the number of minutes the current
local time lags GMT time. PDT or MST corresponds to 420. PST
corresponds to 480.
Chapter 6 Pg 21 DSZ Reference Rev Jun-26-90 Typeset 6-26-90
EXAMPLE:
C>set ZONE=420
Chapter 7 Pg 22 DSZ Reference Rev Jun-26-90 Typeset 6-26-90
7. EXIT STATUS
DSZ exits with 0 status for successful transfers, or the value of the Q
numeric parameter (default 1) if a file transfer failed, or if no files
were transferred. Many languages and "door" programs do not return this
information to the calling program. Some languages and "door" programs
freak out (hang) on certain non-zero exit values.
A batch file that calls DSZ directly may be used to detect the DSZ exit
status with the DOS "errorlevel" construct. Please refer to the Q
numeric parameter below for more information.
DSZ's log file entries may also be examined to determine the success or
failure of a file transfer.
DSZ commands are an improper subset of Pro-YAM/PowerCom/ZCOMM commands.
The file transfer commands are fully described in ZCOMMDOC.ZIP, the
ZCOMM User's Manual. Relevant portions of the ZCOMM User's Manual are
provided in DSZBG.ZOO, a Copyrighted file included with the DSZ
registration disk. You may refer to one of those documents for details
on the following commands.
Chapter 8 Pg 23 DSZ Reference Rev Jun-26-90 Typeset 6-26-90
8. EXAMPLES
dsz sz c:foo.zip (send 1 file with ZMODEM)
dsz sz -m c:*.zip (send all .ZIP files with MobyTurbo(TM))
dsz sz f1.c f2.c f3.c (send 3 files with ZMODEM)
dsz sz c:foo.* b:*.c (send multiple files with ZMODEM)
dsz sz -Z *.lst (send text files with ZMODEM compression)
dsz sz -r bigone.zip (CRASH RECOVERY: resume interrupted
transfer)
dsz rz -r (CRASH RECOVERY: resume interrupted
transfer)
dsz rz -rr (CRASH RECOVERY with file comparison)
dsz handshake both sz yamdemo.zip (Hardware+Software handshake)
dsz sz -n *.* (send files that are newer or rx has no
copy)
dsz sz -Yn *.* (Only send files that are newer than
receiver's copy)
(Do not send files that do not exist on
receiver's disk)
dsz rz C:/UPLOADS (receive files to specified directory #)
dsz port 2 speed 38400 handshake both restrict rz
(Restrict provides protection for BBS's)
dsz rz -y prog.zip (ZMODEM, single file pathname override)
dsz z pr1 rx foo.dat (XMODEM receive, remove file if error)
dsz pO60 ro foo.dat (XMODEM/OverThruster receive, GEnie MNP #)
DSZ LRC L-Y NEWPROG.ZIP (generate lower case "rc -y" command)
dsz sz foo >debug.dmp (Debugging data dump)
dsz sz @C:/bbs/files.lst (Indirect file list)
# Registered copies only
Chapter 9 Pg 24 DSZ Reference Rev Jun-26-90 Typeset 6-26-90
9. BACKGROUND OPERATION
Three DESQview description files are provided to demonstrate background
operation with modest (66 kb window) memory requirements. DSZ uses
tight C/ASM code, table driven CRC generators, and buffered receive and
transmit for good performance in the background without hogging CPU
cycles. On a QIC Labs 8 mHz PC-AT clone, DSZ can download files in the
background (3 background clock ticks, 9 foreground clock ticks) with a
throughput better than 9600 bps.
2S Prompts for file name(s) and sends them with ZMODEM protocol.
File: 2S-PIF.DVP
2T Talks to the modem and allows manual YMODEM (F3) or automatic
ZMODEM downloads. File: 2T-PIF.DVP
2A Like 2T, but using Quarterdeck's dvansi.com memory resident ANSI
CRT device driver to process ANSI screen codes. File: 2A-PIF.DVP
DS.BAT is the batch file used by 2A.
These files are written for a port 2 local connection and \TMP
directory, but may be modified to suit your requirements using the
DESQview CP command. The W numeric allows DESQview to close the window
after DSZ finishes, providing a pleasant user interface.
Other DVPs, Scripts, and Batch files are available on the DESQView
conference on the Sound of Music as DVDSZ20Z.ARC.
Please consult the DESQview documentation for instructions on
installation procedure for the DVP files.
Operation at high speed (above 9600 bps) may require the DESQview
"Optimize communications" performance Advanced Setup option.
Newer versions of DESQview may require more "common memory" allocation
(6-8 k bytes) to operate with DSZ. Some versions of DESQview do not
operate properly with DSZ; DESQview 2.0 is known to work, and DESQview
2.25 is reported to have fixed bugs in intermediate versions.
On 286 and 386 machines, some DESQview operations involve swapping
memory contents with buffers in extended memory. As with extended
memory ramdisks and disk caches, this causes errors with high speed
communications. The considerations discussed in the "286 and 386
Extended Memory" subchapter apply here. Since this DESQview extended
memory swapping is asynchronous with respect to DSZ's file transfers,
"handshake slow" doesn't help here. The solution is to force DESQview's
memory swaps to use smaller blocks (with interrupts allowed between
blocks) and/or use NS16550AN or NS16550AFN chips for the serial
interface.
If you see funny characters on the screen while a program is loading,
Chapter 9 Pg 25 DSZ Reference Rev Jun-26-90 Typeset 6-26-90
you have a conflict between the display adapter and QEMM memory manager
which may cause lockups. If so you must explicitly exclude the display
adapter's memory with an EXCLUDE clause in QEMM's config.sys entry.
***********************************************************
WARNING
When running DSZ under a multi tasking system such as DESQview, do not
allow two programs to access the same comm port at the same time. At
best, such actions will disrupt communications. At worst, your computer
will attempt to open a subspace channel to V'ger.
Tell DESQview to use the SPECIFIC port number you are using, and not "Y"
to the question: "Uses serial Ports (Y, N, 1, 2)"
When running a comm program under DESQview or any related multitasking
executive, DSZ must be called directly from the comm program, in the
same window. DO NOT open a separate window for DSZ unless you were
about to power down the computer anyway.
***********************************************************
With some communications programs, you can make the call, log in, and
then exit (closing the window) without disconnecting the modem. At this
time you can fire up DSZ with the "t" command to allow YMODEM or ZMODEM
downloads in a small window.
Example File: 2A-PIF.DVP
Alternatively, you can start DSZ from the DOS prompt, then type "AT"
commands to the modem to call the bulletin board. DESQview's "learn"
facility may be helpful here.
Chapter 10 Pg 26 DSZ Reference Rev Jun-26-90 Typeset 6-26-90
10. FLOW CONTROL
If you plan to send files over Telenet (PC-Pursuit), you must refer to
the Pro-YAM or ZCOMM Reference manual (in ZCOMMDOC.ZIP) FLOW CONTROL
chapter for vital information on flow control considerations necessary
for proper operation of ZMODEM and other streaming protocols.
Chapter 11 Pg 27 DSZ Reference Rev Jun-26-90 Typeset 6-26-90
11. ERROR MESSAGES
COM2 1200 bps Carrier Detect enabled Handshake slow
Command line = (commands)
This is a normal message displayed to help resolve problems with
incorrect batch files. The port number, speed, carrier detect
("enabled" or "DISABLED") and "handshake" indicate the selected mode of
operation.
DSZ FINISHED! exit code = 0
This is DSZ's normal exit when at least one file has been transferred
and no unrecoverable errors have been detected. If an error such as a
failed file transfer had been detected, the exit code would be 1, or the
value set in the Q numeric parameter.
As the message implies, DSZ has done all of its processing, and has
return the communications port and vector to its original value before
displaying this message. If the computer locks up after this message is
displayed, there's something wrong with the program that called DSZ, not
with DSZ itself.
Unknown Machine Type XX, 'a' parameter preset to 6000 indicates a ROM
BIOS that does not follow the IBM specification for identifying the
machine type. If your computer causes DSZ to display this message, you
may set the a numeric parameter described elsewhere in this document.
This message is generated before any commands are read, so do not be
alarmed when you "discover" that setting the a parameter doesn't make
this message go away. The a parameter does not affect ZMODEM transfers.
Please send us a postcard or letter indicating the reported hex value
for machine Type, name of the computer, and its speed so we can include
that machine type in a future release.
Need more memory to run DSZ or Abnormal program termination is displayed
by the TurboC startup routine if DSZ is run in too small a memory
partition. If you see this message, use a larger memory partition for
DSZ or remove some memory resident programs. This message may also
appear if the calling program fails to free memory before calling DSZ.
No Carrier Detect is displayed when DSZ recognizes a lack of carrier
detect signal from the modem. Most support calls concerning "No Carrier
Detect" are caused by the user failing to tell DSZ to use the correct
port. DSZ does not magically divine the COM port number; if the default
COM1 is incorrect, DSZ must be told what port to use with the port
command or the DPORT environment variable.
No Carrier Detect may also be caused by a line disconnect, defective
cable, or incorrect modem strapping. It may be disabled with the d
command. Sometimes this is caused by setting the B parameter to too
large a value.
Chapter 11 Pg 28 DSZ Reference Rev Jun-26-90 Typeset 6-26-90
Garbage Count Exceeded Indicates ZMODEM has not detected a valid start
of header in a reasonable number of characters.
If DSZ becomes "stuck" on emitting this messages, it is possible the
sending program may not be able to recognize and act upon transmission
requests (ZROPS headers). The sending program should be corrected. In
the meantime, setting a ZMODEM packet length with the "zmodem pl4096"
("l" is the small letter l) command will force the sender to wait for
the receivers' progress reports.
Permission denied comes from the Microsoft C Library. This is caused by
attempts to modify a read only file or directory, or to create a file in
a nonexistent directory.
A furtive flashing appearance of XOFF or FLOW during ZMODEM or YMODEM-g
file sending signifies DSZ is responding to flow control restraint.
This is normal operation when buffered modems or packet switched
networks are used. ZMODEM's robustness and reliability allow creative
users to transfer files over unusual multiple computer lash-ups, causing
modem data lights and computer status displays to dance in unfamiliar
rhythms.
Output FLow Control Restraint RELEASED Indcates DSZ has not received a
positive flow control signal (XON and/or CTS as specified by the
handshake command) within the timeout specified by the S numeric
parameter. This message may appear as the result of line noise. If it
appears often, it may indicate improper flow control settings, defective
modem and/or cable, or (rarely) too small a value for the S numeric
parameter.
Not allowed to overwrite %s By default, DSZ will not overwrite an
existing file. Use the -y or -n or -r option to overwrite/update
existing files.
11.1 Got ZRPOS
Got ZRPOS indicates the receiving program has detected a transmission
error and has requested retransmission. In other words, ZMODEM is doing
its job of detecting and correcting missing and garbled data.
If this happens more often than observed line errors would indicate is
reasonable, the receiver's error messages must be studied. Line Status
Register errors generally indicate a local problem; if the receiver
gives "Line Status Register 02" errors the problem lies with the
receiver.
Otherwise, the sender may have a flow control problem in one of four
areas:
Chapter 11 Pg 29 DSZ Reference Rev Jun-26-90 Typeset 6-26-90
+ Between the sending program and its modem. If using an interface
speed higher than the transmission speed, or modem to modem error
correction (MNP, LAPB, PEP, etc.), check that the modem and the
sending program are configured for the same flow control methods.
Omen Technology's software is faster than most other programs, and
may expose flow control problems not seen with slower software.
+ Between the sending modem and the network. Correcting this requires
"handshake both" to allow the sending program to honor both hardware
(CTS) flow control from the modem and software flow control
(XON/XOFF) from the network.
+ Between parts of the network.
+ Between the receiving modem and the receiving program. This can
happen at high transmission speeds when the receiver has specified a
large I/O buffer size with the B numeric parameter.
Excessive interrupt latency from extended memory ramdisks or disk
caches, and poorly written hard disk drivers also wreak havoc on
streaming protocols but do not affect start-stop protocols (XMODEM,
etc.). Problems with extended memory disk caches may cause errors
at regular intervals; check the receiver's error messages.
To work around these problems, give the "handshake slow" command to
the receiver.
Byte NNNN retry M: <error message> These messages appear when the
protocol has detected an error and is attempting to retransmit the
garbled data. These are normal messages.
11.2 Serial Input Error: Line Status Register xx
Serial Input Error: Line Status Register HH indicates a hardware
problem, slow device driver, TSR program, or other software is disabling
interrupts too long for the program to accept incoming data, and some
characters are lost. A slow response to folow control also triggers
this message.
The value of the line status register is displayed in HEX. The
following error conditions are OR'ed into the Line Status Register.
01 The Interrupt level circular buffer has been overrun. The remote
did not respond to DSZ's XOFF or hardware flow control, and
continued to send characters after being told not to. This problem
is alleviated by correct modem flow control configuration.
Chapter 11 Pg 30 DSZ Reference Rev Jun-26-90 Typeset 6-26-90
02 An 02 value for the LSR indicates Data Overrun. "Data Overrun"
means the computer was not able to respond to an incoming character
from the UART (modem) in time to make room for the next incoming
character. Data Overruns are caused by poorly designed software
(or ROM BIOS "firmware") locking out interrupts for excessive
periods. These lockouts prevent the communications program from
responding to the incoming characters quickly enough.
To correct Data Overruns, you must correct the offending
condition(s) to allow the communications program to operate
properly.
Common causes of excessively long interrupt lockouts ("critical
code regions") are disk drivers (BIOS), window managers, disk
caches, TSR programs, and EGA/VGA board auto-select.
Slowing the CPU to allow games and other time dependent programs to
be used can generate excessive interrupt latency.
Some BIOS programs are written without regard to their effect on
high speed communications. Better versions of the offending BIOS
programs may be made available if enough users complain about poor
performance.
Interrupt latency caused by EGA/VGA board auto-select can be often
corrected by disabling the board's Auto-Select.
Poorly written disk caches and disk drivers cause interrupt latency
that affects streaming protocols (ZMODEM) but not start-stop
protocols such as XMODEM, YMODEM, JMODEM, Lynx, etc. The handshake
slow command can be used to stop reception during disk transfers.
Other chapters in this document give suggestions for working around
excessive interrupt latency by using the NS16550AN UART chip.
Please refer to the "Brain Damaged UARTS" subchapter.
Please try all the suggestions mentioned here before contacting
Omen Technology about data overruns.
08 Framing Error generally caused by line noise or an incorrect
transmission speed ("baud rate") or format (number of bits). Also
caused by some cheap internal modems. Most protocols require 8
bits no parity (-8n) for proper operation. This is set
automatically by Omen Technology programs, but other programs may
not be so smart.
10 Break Interrupt generally caused by line noise or an incorrect
transmission speed ("baud rate") or format (number of bits). Also
caused by some cheap internal modems.
Chapter 11 Pg 31 DSZ Reference Rev Jun-26-90 Typeset 6-26-90
18 Framing Error and Break Interrupt (see above) in combination.
This error may also be caused by defective 8250 UART chips.
Certain internal modem cards have slow 8250 chips that do not
operate properly with computers faster than 4.77 mHz. Replacing
the 8250 with a NS16550AN is recommended.
Please refer to the In Case of Difficulty chapter of this document for
solutions.
Less commonly encountered DSZ error messages are explained in the Pro-
YAM manual.
11.3 No Carrier Detect
If you see a No Carrier Detect message, and you haven't lost the
connection, you should fix your modem cable or modem settings to allow
proper operation of the Carrier Detect signal (CD).
A poorer alternative is to give the d command: dsz port 1 speed 2400 d
t
11.4 Port %d (%X) defective
When DSZ selects a serial port, it performs a quick hardware check to
verify the presence and minimal functionality of the 8250 family UART.
This message usually means a nonexistent port has been selected.
Reports have been received of functional but nonstandard UART chips
triggering this message.
11.5 COMMAND NOT FOUND
If you see this message, make sure DSZ is in the DOS PATH. Sometimes
this error is caused by having too many environment variable strings.
11.6 Out of Environment
means there is not enough room in the program environment to accept more
data.
DOS prints this message when it cannot allocate more memory to
accommodate a "set" command, such as "set dirrx=c:/downloads/".
Try moving the "set" commands to the batch file that calls your comms
program, or to your AUTOEXEC.BAT file.
Chapter 11 Pg 32 DSZ Reference Rev Jun-26-90 Typeset 6-26-90
To increase environment, use the /E switch. The default is 160 bytes.
An example for your CONFIG.SIS file: SHELL=C:COMMAND.COM/E:256
NOTE: Large environments may cause DSZ.COM to lockup. This is less of a
problem with DSZ.EXE.
Chapter 12 Pg 33 DSZ Reference Rev Jun-26-90 Typeset 6-26-90
12. SLOW TRANSFERS
Some users report slower than expected file transfers even when few or
no errors are reported. Some possible causes are:
If "handshake slow" is used, throughput may suffer. Try one of the
other solutions to the "Line Status Register = 02" errors discussed
above. When using "handshake slow" it may be possible to increase the
modem's interface speed to 19200 bps or faster.
Bad phone lines will silently slow MNP modems, sometimes without any
error indications. If the modems disconnect fairly often you should
suspect marginal phone line conditions that are being hidden by MNP
error correction.
One of the programs may have set a parameter or option that acts to slow
the transfer under certain conditions.
Chapter 13 Pg 34 DSZ Reference Rev Jun-26-90 Typeset 6-26-90
13. IN CASE OF DIFFICULTY
13.1 LOCKUPS
13.1.1 Insufficient Memory
DSZ complains when it detects insufficient memory to operate. When
calling DSZ from another program, there may be ALMOST enough memory for
proper operation, but DSZ locks up during a transfer or the calling
program freezes after DSZ displays the "DSZ Finished" message.
Sometimes there is a message about insufficient memory, sometimes just a
lockup and no message. To verify this problem, call CHKDSK from within
your comms program (not from DOS!) by defining it as an external
protocol. If you use an interface program (Hotkeyz, Prodoor, etc.), you
must call CHKDSK from that program, as those programs also reduce the
memory available to DSZ.
CHKDSK should report at least 64k free memory. If less memory is
reported, reduce the size of the COMMS program's capture buffer, or
reboot the system with fewer/smaller device drivers and TSR programs.
Calling DSZ directly from the comms program instead of from an interface
also saves memory.
13.1.2 Environment TOO BIG
A large environment may cause DSZ.COM to lockup. The size of the
environment (the amount of text you get when you give the DOS "set"
command) is subtracted from the data space available to 8086 C programs.
This can be a problem with DSZ.COM, whose 8086 tiny model limits code,
data, stack, and environment to 64 kb TOTAL. Use DSZ.EXE (compiled with
8086 small model) to alleviate this problem.
13.1.3 Bad COM Port Configuration
DSZ is fastidious about which interrupt vectors it takes over. Unlike
some programs, DSZ uses only the correct interrupt vector for its
interrupt service routine. (This allows multitasking.)
DSZ obtains and releases this vector with standard DOS function calls.
This allows multi line operation under DESQview and other multitasking
systems.
Incorrectly configured serial ports that work with programs that pig out
both IRQ3 and IRQ4 will lock up with DSZ. If DSZ locks up the machine
as soon as it tries to send or receive data, this is usually the fault.
Make sure the comm port is strapped correctly; COM1 uses IRQ4, COM2 uses
IRQ3. DSZ will lock up if the comm port is not properly set up.
In addition, DSZ will not work properly if two devices are connected to
the same IRQ line, even when some other programs (that don't use
interrupts as intensively) do work normally on the same machine.
Chapter 13 Pg 35 DSZ Reference Rev Jun-26-90 Typeset 6-26-90
COM3 and above are not widely standardized. If you have problems with
COM3, chances are your "COM3" is non standard.
13.2 Incorrect Batch Files
Incorrect batch files are the number one source of problems using DSZ
for uploads and downloads. Bulletin board programs with convoluted
batch file mechanisms exacerbate the problem.
DSZ's command line echo was added to assist in correcting defective
batch files. You should see a display like:
Command line = 'rz '
or
Command line = 'port 2 speed 9600 sz foo.baz '
You may have to add a "pause" command at the end of the batch file to
allow DSZ's messages to be seen. Another possibility is to turn on the
printer with ^P before running DSZ, so DSZ's message can be saved on
paper.
In general, the Command line display should look like one of the
examples in this document or those displayed by DSZ itself. (The
Command line display does not include the name of the DSZ program
itself.)
Try running DSZ by itself, without any batch files or TSR programs,
calling it directly from DOS as described above.
13.3 Cheap Internal Modems
Numerous trouble reports have been received lately caused by cheap
internal modems causing errors on ZMODEM transfers but not XMODEM. A
similar problem was experienced in the mid 80's during beta testing of
some 2400 bps modems. Perhaps defective LSI chips left over from those
days were cloned or recovered from the trash bin.
13.4 Commands Entered in Upper Case
Most DSZ commands and options must be entered in lower case (small
letters, not big letters). Where the documentation or help screen
indicates "rz", you must use "rz" and not "RZ".
Chapter 13 Pg 36 DSZ Reference Rev Jun-26-90 Typeset 6-26-90
13.5 No Carrier Detect
If you see a No Carrier Detect message, and you haven't lost the
connection, you should fix your modem cable or modem settings to allow
proper operation of the Carrier Detect signal (CD).
A poorer alternative is to give the d command: dsz port 1 speed 2400 d
t
13.6 PKARC 3.6
It has been reported that PK36 grabs some interrupts and doesn't restore
them on exit in an attempt to prevent hacks of the program. Since
eliminating that particular version and cleaning up memory, high speed
transfers even with 8250 UARTS work properly again.
The problem with PK 3.6 appears to be most severe if a BBS operator has
doorware, etc that accesses the PK programs from a shell of some sort.
This info may be helpful to users who are having otherwise inexplicable
file transfer problems.
Phil Katz has written me that this problem has been corrected in
subsequent versions.
13.7 DOS 3.x
DOS 3.x systems may need to have a "STACKS = 8,256" line in CONFIG.SYS
to prevent antisocial behavior. This is required on the NEC Multispeed,
or if certain TSR's are used.
13.8 Perstor Controllers
Several reports have been received indicating Perstor disk controllers
interfere with data communications. Perstor is reportedly working on a
fix.
13.9 IBM PS/2 Model 50Z
Early samples of this machine have a design error on the motherboard
that causes comms programs to lock up the machine. Replacing the
motherboard with a correctly functioning unit from current production
corrects the problem. The part number of the replacement PS2/50 Z
motherboard is 35F5928. (Information provided by John M. Choma
73047,3566) U.S. IBM has stonewalled on this issue, but in December 1988
agreed to replace the defective motherboards under warranty.
Chapter 13 Pg 37 DSZ Reference Rev Jun-26-90 Typeset 6-26-90
13.10 Brain Damaged UARTS
Omen Technology has received reports of problems with buggy 8250 type
UART integrated circuits in Leading Edge modem boards, serial port
interfaces, and computers. The defective chip logic affects high
performance software. Replacing the buggy chip with a newer chip (16450
or NS16550AN) corrects the problem.
The UM82450 chip in the Zoom 2400HC also appears to cause problems.
Zoom Telephonics advises that this problem is limited to their old
model. The old model is inentifiable by an external volume control.
The NS16550AN is a pin compatible plug in replacement for 8250 and 16450
serial chips. Omen Technology software enables the FIFO buffer in the
NS16550AN to prevents loss of data from poorly written device drivers,
TSR programs, etc.
The NS16550AN has better electrical characteristics than the older UART
chips. 386 and fast 286 machines should use the NS16550AN for best
results. Omen Technology software has been written to allow time for
the older UART chips to operate. However, there is a limit to how much
the software can rearrange chip accesses without resorting to
performance robbing wait loops. Some other software is not as forgiving
of slow chips.
Jameco Electronics at 415-592-8097 sells National NS16550AN chips mail
order (credit card) in small quantities. N.B.: Current WD16C550 chips
may not function properly at low speeds.
Another source is Arrow Electronics at 800-932-7769 (516-467-1000). Be
sure to ask for the NS16550AN. It's important to get the "AFN" or "AN"
part, other versions won't do.
We have received reports of problems with a Western Digital 16550 type
chip.
13.10.1 Everex Internal Modems
Numerous reports have been received concerning difficulties with Everex
modem cards. Some of these cards contain buggy 8250 chips which are not
up to the demands of full duplex streaming protocols such as ZMODEM.
Replacing the buggy 8250 chip with a 16450 (or better yet NS16550AN)
chip corrects these problems.
13.11 Weird Iron
A few machines, some with V20 CPUs, don't like DSZ.COM. We have not
been able to repeat this; TeleGodzilla (using a V20) runs DSZ.COM
without a hitch. Switching to DSZ.EXE has cleared up the problems on
other machines.
Chapter 13 Pg 38 DSZ Reference Rev Jun-26-90 Typeset 6-26-90
13.12 Will the real YMODEM please stand up?
Some XMODEM programs claiming to support YMODEM neither send nor accept
the YMODEM pathname block. 1024 byte XMODEM is XMODEM-1k, not the
YMODEM defined by Ward Christensen in 1985 when he invented the term
YMODEM. 1987 and later versions of YMODEM.DOC remind the reader of the
official YMODEM definition, which has not changed since YMODEM's coinage
in 1985.
13.13 286 and 386 Extended Memory
Virtual memory disk caches and ramdisks using 80286 or 80386 extended
memory require a kludge hardware reset of the CPU chip to return to the
normal "real mode" after accessing extended memory. This interference
to the interrupt response time causes lost characters on comm ports, and
may be minimized by specifying shorter memory transfers.
Switching to a National NS16550AN or NS16550AFN UART chip helps
tremendously, allowing transfers at 115200 bps instead of 9600 bps with
a standard 8250. Please refer to the subchapter on "Brain Damaged
UARTs".
13.14 Disk Caches
Cache programs often interfere with ZMODEM transfers. In one instance,
replacing Microsoft's SMARTDRV.SYS with Multisoft's SUPERPCK.EXE helped.
Chapter 14 Pg 39 DSZ Reference Rev Jun-26-90 Typeset 6-26-90
14. ASSOCIATED DOCUMENTS
Consult the Professional-YAM, PowerCom, or ZCOMM manual chapter "OPTIONS
FOR FILE TRANSFERS" for descriptions of the file transfer options. The
"FILE TRANSFER BASICS" chapter explains the relative merits of XMODEM,
YMODEM, ZMODEM, and other protocols and gives tips on their use. The
"MAIN COMMANDS" chapter describes the rb, rx, rc, rz, sb, and sz
commands. The "MODEM INTERFACING" and "FLOW CONTROL" chapters contain
important information on the use of buffered modems with DSZ.
Information on the ZMODEM Inter Application File Transfer Protocol is
available in Omen Technology's "ZMODEM DEVELOPER's COLLECTION" ($89.00).
Unix, Xenix and VMS C Source code for XMODEM, YMODEM, and ZMODEM
transfers to/from Omen Technology Products is included in RZSZ.ZOO.[1]
This file includes a Pro-YAM/ZCOMM script to upload a bootstrap file to
a Unix system, force its compilation, and (if the compilation is
successful) upload the rz/sz source files.
__________
1. Technical support for rzsz is available on a paid consulting basis.
Chapter 15 Pg 40 DSZ Reference Rev Jun-26-90 Typeset 6-26-90
15. FILES
DSZ.COM, DSZ.DOC, 2A-PIF.DVP, 2S-PIF.DVP, 2T-PIF.DVP, BBS_REG.TXT,
DS.BAT, FIX.BAT, MAILER, ZMODEMAD.BAT, ZMODEMD.BAT, ZMODEMDR.BAT, and
ZMODEMU.BAT constitute Omen Technology's DSZ.ZIP. These same files are
in DSZ.ZOO on the distribution diskette mailed to registered users.[1]
2S-PIF.DVP, 2A-PIF.DVP, DS.BAT, and 2T-PIF.DVP are used with Quarterdeck
Office Systems' DESQview multitasking executive for background
operation. Their use is described in a previous chapter of this
document.
ZCOMMDOC.ZIP (manual), ZCOMMEXE.ZIP (programs), ZCOMMHLP.ZIP (help
processor and database), make up the ZCOMM communications tools
shareware distribution. The ZCOMM files are available on finer bulletin
boards.
RZSZ.ZOO contains ZMODEM "C" source code for COMPLETE VAX VMS and
Unix/Xenix programs licensed for use transferring files to/from licensed
Omen Technology products.[2]
DSZ.EXE compiled with the Xenix to DOS XC provides moderately higher
maximum throughput. DSZ.EXE supports ZMODEM over 7 bit paths (E and P
options), and specified control character quoting (-Q<string> option).
The Xenix XC version requires somewhat more memory than DSZ.COM.
DSZ.EXE does not support file sharing due to brain damage in the
Microsoft stream I/O library. The maximum DSZ.EXE I/O buffer size
available with the B numeric parameter is 16384. DSZ.EXE is available
in DSZEXE.ZOO.
ZCOMM and Pro-YAM also run faster than DSZ.COM.
DSZBG.ZOO contains DSZBG.DOC. Part of the DSZ registration disk (and
not for public distribution), this file provides background information
on the ZCOMM/Pro-YAM commands provided in DSZ. For non-registered
users, the same information is available in ZCOMMDOC.ZIP.
The ZOO archive format is a machine independent improvement on the PC-
DOS specific .ARC format. The ZOO format has been precisely defined, and
stable ZOO archivers/dearchivers are available on a wide variety of
__________
1. DSZ.ZOO is supplied to registrants instead of DSZ.ZIP because not
all registrants have copies of unarchiving programs. The
registration disk includes a copy of LOOZ, a simple dearchiver for
ZOO files.
2. Technical support for rzsz is available on a paid consulting basis.
Chapter 15 Pg 41 DSZ Reference Rev Jun-26-90 Typeset 6-26-90
systems.
LOOZ.EXE unpacks .ZOO archives. LOOZ.DOC describes LOOZ.EXE. Be
certain to type the arguments to LOOZ in lower case, UPPER CASE WILL NOT
WORK.
Chapter 16 Pg 42 DSZ Reference Rev Jun-26-90 Typeset 6-26-90
16. Other Omen Technology Products
16.1 Professional-YAM COMMS TOOLS
Omen Technology makes Professional-YAM, a comprehensive comms program
with unmatched power. Flavors are available for PC-DOS, Unix, Xenix,
and OS/2 Protected mode. Unix source code is available under license.
16.2 ZCOMM: Industrial Strength COMMS Shareware
ZCOMM is a full featured shareware version with a $40.00 basic
registration. Registered DSZ users upgrading to ZCOMM get a free
binder!
16.3 ZMODEM Developer's Collection
Omen Technology sells the "ZMODEM Developer's Collection" for $89.00.
This diskette includes the most recent public domain versions of
YMODEM.DOC, ZMODEM.DOC and the Unix/VMS rz/sz C source code for YMODEM
and ZMODEM. A set of public domain PC-DOS executable programs are
included for convenience. For many developers, this collection affords
a significant labor savings in obtaining these materials.
Chapter 17 Pg 43 DSZ Reference Rev Jun-26-90 Typeset 6-26-90
17. FAIR PLAY
Unlike snazzy menu interfaces, reliable high speed transfer protocols
take many hours of testing, often over expensive phone connections, to
develop. Two decades of communications experience and protocol testing
are distilled in DSZ.
DSZ is a user supported program developed and supported by Chuck
Forsberg, owner of Omen Technology. Countless hours of work and
expen$ive resources went to develop and support DSZ for the myriad
environments users use it in. The fact that most of the problems people
encounter with DSZ are caused by other software, hardware problems,
failure to read the supplied documentation, or pirating has not kept
users from seeking and getting help, even if it means calling the author
in the middle of his sleep.
Beyond this, the world of communications is constantly evolving, and it
requires a significant ongoing effort to keep DSZ and its documentation
up to date with the current state of the art. Individuals with little
knowledge of the dynamic nature of telecommunications (or hidden
agendas) have misrepresented the frequency of enhancements to DSZ as a
sign that DSZ is "unstable" and unworthy of "serious consideration". If
you think such sniping is fair play, you are more than welcome to use
one of the many other protocol programs available, each of which claim
to offer speed and reliability comparable to DSZ.
Non registered users are welcome to use DSZ for a reasonable evaluation
period. "Reasonable" means "until you've decided whether the program is
worth $20.00". It does not mean "until some competing program gets
around to adding ZMODEM or True Ymodem(TM)". Once you've evaluated DSZ,
ethical use of DSZ requires registering the copy.
DSZ is not and never has been Public Domain. Every version of DSZ has
included a Copyright Notice and a prohibition against sale or
modification. There is no usage counter or other Trojan Horse in DSZ,
but if you use this program, you have a moral and ethical obligation to
register it.
Paid registration enables OverThruster(TM), YMODEM-g, and other advanced
features that are present in DSZ.ARC in encrypted form. The
registration package serializes and decodes all past and future versions
of DSZ.COM and DSZ.EXE. You can get a fully featured upgrade of DSZ
simply by downloading a newer version from TeleGodzilla, GEnie (IBM
Roundtable), CompuServe, and trusted bulletin boards.
17.1 Sharing DSZ Files
You are welcome to share unmodified copies of DSZ.ARC or DSZ.ZOO with
your friends and associates for their evaluation. This documentation
file and the MAILER file must be provided with all copies of DSZ except
by prior written permission from Omen Technology Inc. Because of piracy
Chapter 17 Pg 44 DSZ Reference Rev Jun-26-90 Typeset 6-26-90
problems, Omen Technology must INSIST that DSZ be distributed only as
part of the DSZ.ARC file EXACTLY as provided by Omen Technology Inc, or
in an archive which displays a CRC value for DSZ.COM equal to that shown
in the Changes chapter. If DSZ.ARC is "zipped" or otherwise repacked,
no files may be added to or removed from the archive.
If you see an improperly packed or otherwise modified DSZ archive or
parts thereof in a bulletin board, please ask the board's operator to
replace such files with DSZ.ARC exactly as provided by Omen Technology
Inc. Flame them until they behave ethically.
No version of DSZ may be sold without the prior written permission of
Omen Technology Inc.
DSZ is not and never has been Copy Protected. "DSZ unprotect" files
have no function whatsoever except to aid and encourage the theft of
Omen Technology's Intellectual Property.
Distribution or use of programs or procedures that modify, patch,
disassemble, decompile, or otherwise reverse engineer DSZ without the
prior written permission by Omen Technology Inc is a bloody theft of
intellectual property and services and is a violation of Federal
Copyright Law. The same applies to debug scripts and documentation
written for the same purposes. These perform the same function as
pirate satellite and/or cable descramblers, to obtain benefit from
encrypted communications without proper payment. Piracy has been
investigated by the FBI and prosecuted under federal statutes.
Applicable law provides for damages and recovery of attorney's fees.
Omen Technology has received reports of serious problems caused by
unauthorized patches to DSZ, and cannot assume liability for the
performance of the resultant code. So far, none of the slime producing
such bilge have seen fit to sign their real name and address to their
cretinous attempts at ego gratification.
Distribution of DSZ in any medium without this documentation file is an
unauthorized modification to DSZ that deprives the rightful author of
registration revenues. That is a theft of intellectual property. Such
distribution damages the author by forcing the user and author to waste
time and phone bills scrounging for the documentation, and answering
questions that are fully covered in the documentation.
If any version of DSZ is distributed with any other product, software or
hardware, the product documentation must clearly and prominently state
that the customer's continued use of DSZ requires registration directly
with Omen Technology or its duly authorized agent(s). When unregistered
copies of DSZ are distributed on disk, a contemporary copy of
ZCOMMDOC.ARC should be included on the same disk.
Thank you for your support.
Chapter 17 Pg 45 DSZ Reference Rev Jun-26-90 Typeset 6-26-90
17.2 REGISTRATION
After a short evaluation period, ethical users must register their copy
of DSZ with a check for $20.00 in U.S. funds sent to:
Omen Technology Inc.
P.O. Box 4681
Portland, OR 97208
The address on your check is sufficient, no need to fill out forms.
For VISA/MC Registrations, you can also:
Call VOICE: 503-621-3406
Or register online: 503-621-3746 300-1200-2400 bps
Or FAX the INSTANT MAILER to: 503-621-3735
Don't bother scrounging for an envelope, just print the INSTANT MAILER
included in this archive!
Overseas registrations are sent out International Air Mail. Users,
especially those overseas, may choose to register their copy of DSZ for
$25.00 U.S. by providing their VISA or Mastercard card number with
expiration date and their name as it appears on their credit card.
Purchase orders for less than $150 must be prepaid. Omen Technology Inc
Federal TAX ID #: 930858776 Oregon TAX ID #: 536565
.ne 12
"Das Recht zur Benutzung von DSZ in Deutschland, Oesterreich und der
Schweiz erwerben Sie durch Bezahlung der Lizenzgebuehr von DM 57,00
(incl. Mwst) an RzK
Doris Koepke
Bitzenstr. 11
D-5464 Asbach
Tel. 02683-4547, FAX 49 2683 4537, Telex 86 3705 rzk d, CIS
[70126,1660]. Sie erhalten dann von dort sowohl die neueste Version, als
auch Ihren individuellen Software-Key, mit dem Sie auch kuenftige
Shareware-Versionen "aufschliessen", also die in der Shareware Version
nicht zugnglichen Programmfunktionen nutzbar machen koennen, per Post.
Die Benutzung nicht registrierter Versionen stellt einen Verstoss
geltenden Rechts dar und wird strafrechtlich verfolgt."
Chapter 17 Pg 46 DSZ Reference Rev Jun-26-90 Typeset 6-26-90
*************************************************************************
The user registration package includes a printed serial number password
(SNP) card. The registration "care package" diskette contains the
latest versions of the DSZ programs, additional user documentation, and
the installation program which uses your personal SNP to enable advanced
features and bypass the opening advertisement.
The registration package unlocks the extra value in all past and future
versions of DSZ.COM and DSZ.EXE.
*************************************************************************
The unique serial number on the registration card is registered to the
user, and is acceptable proof of registration to corporate auditors.
The putsnp program inserts your unique DSZ Serial Number Password (SNP)
into you copy of DSZ with the following command:
putsnp dsz.com
Putsnp accepts your SNP and asks appropriate questions before inserting
the SNP to enable the extra value in DSZ.
Some TSR programs and device deivers interfere with putsnp. If you have
a lockup running putsnp, run it without any device drivers or TSR
programs (boot a plain DOS from floppy disk).
The only legitimate way to disable the opening advertisement in DSZ is
to insert an authorized SNP obtained from Omen Technology into DSZ with
the putsnp program. Any other suppression or modification of the
opening screen is an illegal, unethical theft of services. Omen
Technology has received reports of serious problems caused by
unauthorized patches to DSZ, and cannot assume liability for the
performance of the resultant code.
Piracy is stealing.
17.3 Files on Registration Disk
The following files are currently included on the Registration Disk sent
to paid registrants.
LOOZ.EXE Program to unpack .ZOO archives. Please note that
commands to LOOZ must be given in lower case. "looz x
dsz" works, "LOOZ X DSZ" fails. LOOZ.DOC describes
LOOZ.EXE.
DSZEXE.ZOO Contains DSZ.EXE.
To dearchive with looz: looz x dszexe (Note: x must be
lower case, X won't work!)
Chapter 17 Pg 47 DSZ Reference Rev Jun-26-90 Typeset 6-26-90
Type "looz" without arguments to see the help message.
DSZ.ZOO Contains DSZ.COM, this document, DESQview description
files, and an instant no-effort registration mailer.
To dearchive with looz: looz x dsz (Note: x must be lower
case, X won't work!)
RZSZ.ZOO contains ZMODEM "C" source code for COMPLETE VAX
VMS and Unix/Xenix programs licensed for use transferring
files to/from licensed Omen Technology products.[1]
To dearchive RZSZ with looz: looz x rzsz (Note: x must be
lower case, X won't work!)
PUTSNP.EXE Installs your unique registered serial number to enable
the extra value in DSZ.
DSZBG.DOC (in DSZBG.ZOO) Background information for DSZ, consisting of
relevant parts of the ZCOMM User's Manual. DSZBG.DOC is
for paid registered users only; registered bulletin
boards and unregistered users are welcome to read the
same information contained in the ZCOMM manual (contained
in ZCOMMDOC.ZIP).
To dearchive with looz: looz x dszbg (Note: x must be
lower case, X won't work!)
17.4 Bulletin Board Registration
Use and/or copying of DSZ by bulletin board sysops and/or systems is
allowed according to the following conditions:
I agree to feature the ZCOMM files (ZCOMMEXE.ZIP, ZCOMMDOC.ZIP,
ZCOMMHLP.ZIP) for downloading, and to announce the availability and
features of ZCOMM in any bulletins, help displays, or other displays
that mention communications programs. It is my responsibility to
maintain reasonably current versions of the ZCOMM files on the BBS shown
above.
I understand that I am welcome to use DSZ on my bulletin board(s) from
__________
1. Technical support for rzsz is available on a paid consulting basis.
Chapter 17 Pg 48 DSZ Reference Rev Jun-26-90 Typeset 6-26-90
the time I sign and mail this document as long as I abide by the
conditions above, including featuring the above mentioned ZCOMM files.
I shall distribute DSZ.COM only as part of the DSZ.ZIP EXACTLY as
provided by Omen Technology Inc, or "zipped" without any file additions,
deletions, or modifications. If I distribute DSZEXE.ZOO, I shall also
maintain DSZ.ZIP in the same directory since DSZEXE.ZOO references files
in DSZ.ZIP.
If I see a modified DSZ archive or parts thereof in a file or collection
of files (e.g., archive) on a bulletin board, I shall replace such files
or archive members with the contents of DSZ.ZIP exactly as provided by
Omen Technology Inc. I shall report instances of noncompliance to Omen
Technology.
I shall not allow any version of dsz to be sold, modified, patched,
hacked, disassembled, decompiled, or otherwise reverse engineered
without the prior written permission of Omen Technology Inc.
I understand that DSZ is not and never has been Copy Protected. I fully
understand that "DSZ unprotect" files have no function whatsoever except
to aid and encourage the theft of Omen Technology's Intellectual
Property.
(For this BBS registration, a multi node bulletin board operating from a
single, common file system counts as one machine.)
The purpose of bulletin board registrations is to support and promote
ZCOMM and Professional-YAM by popularizing the ZMODEM protocol and
featuring the ZCOMM shareware files available for downloading.
BBS registrations must be submitted on the bbs_reg form with signature
and date, and must accompany a new paid DSZ or ZCOMM registration. The
paid registration that must accompany your BBS registration can be one
submitted by one of your board's users. Most boards have many
unregistered DSZ users, so getting one of them to register their DSZ
should pose no difficulty. Since the paid registration may be from one
of your board's users, you can get your BBS registered for free by
getting one of your users to register his/her DSZ at the same time.
Chapter 17 Pg 49 DSZ Reference Rev Jun-26-90 Typeset 6-26-90
18. CHANGES
Be sure to save your serial number/password (SNP) card and the putsnp
program you received from Omen to use with future versions of DSZ you
may download!
The current DSZ version is maintained on GEnie (IBM Roundtable), EXEC-
BBS, CompuServe (IBMCOM and CONSULT SIGs) as well as TeleGodzilla.
DSZ is a popular program which has been the object of virus attacks.
Pirated/hacked versions of DSZ have cost users and DSZ's developer
thousands of dollars in lost time and other expenses, in addition to
injuring of Omen Technology's reputation.
Virus and Trojan code hidden in hacked/pirated copies of DSZ and
programs claiming to "register DSZ" have caused loss of data.
Name Length Date Time CRC
dsz.com 51628 Crunched 14% 44432 26 Jun 90 1:26p e884
dsz.exe 62001 Crunched 19% 50759 26 Jun 90 1:22p b308
PKZIP -vt 32 bit CRC: C06F1F5B 51628 dsz.com
PKZIP -vt 32 bit CRC: 5A198AC3 62001 dsz.exe
Your copy of DSZ should show this information as provided by
arc v dsz
or
pkxarc -v dsz
lharc v dsz
ARC, and LHARC use a 16 bit CRC.
ZIP uses a 32 bit CRC compatible with the Professional-YAM and ZCOMM
"crc" command.
pkzip -vt dsz
The following Pro-YAM/ZCOMM command gives the 32 bit CRC for DSZ.COM:
EXAMPLE: >>>c: crc dsz.com
If your copy shows a different CRC or file length, insist on a
legitimate copy and report the source of the bogus/pirated copy to Omen
Technology Inc. Omen Technology has received reports of serious
problems caused by unauthorized patches to DSZ, and cannot assume
liability for the performance of the resultant code.
COM7 and COM8 are changed; see the "port" command above.
A problem in the 1/17/89 and 2/2/89 versions corrupts files under
Chapter 18 Pg 50 DSZ Reference Rev Jun-26-90 Typeset 6-26-90
unusual circumstances. Please delete all instances of the 1/17/89 and
2-02-89 version.
A reminder: the -Z option is effective only when it is given to the
sending program unless both are Omen Technology products revised Jan 22
1990 or later.
If you use PREFIX= or ONAME= with the "sb" or "sz" commands, these
pathnames must be entered in lower case unless the underlying file
system supports upper AND lower case.
A boundary condition bug in the implementation of the rz/sz -rr option
has been corrected. When using the -rr option, both sending and
receiving programs should be a March 8 1990 or later version.
Otherwise, files may be needlessly retransmitted. This problem does not
affect the -r option.
June 25 1990: When a ZMODEM block length is forced, the receiving DSZ
writes the data to disk before acknowledging the block. With DSZ.EXE
and its maximum 16384 buffer size, you may be able to avoid overrun
(Line Status Register 02) problems receiving to slow disk drives by
using:
dsz pB16384 z pl16384 rz
ZMODEM-90(TM) speeds up GEnie ZMODEM downloads; see DSZOPTS in Chapter
6.
The "sz" command had an undocumented fallback to YMODEM, this has been
removed for reliability reasons.
The SlugBait (-s) option now causes DSZ to return success (0 exit code)
if at least one file is transferred.
April 11 1990: Enhancements for more efficient multitasking under
DESQview and DESQview 386. Code which prevented IRQ conflicts between
COM1/COM3 and COM2/COM4 has been removed to allow use of COM7 and COM8
without interference from DSZ running on COM1 or COM2..
ZIP replaces ARC as the standard download distribution format on new
files.
March 21 1990: DSZ now sends the CANCEL sequence if it runs out of disk
space while receiving a file with ZMODEM.
DSZ now defaults to "handshake both" if the clear to send signal is high
when DSZ selects the comm port regardless of the initial "baud rate".
The P parameter can be set to -1 to disable the FIFO on the Western
Digital WD16550 chip. The WD16550 FIFO has been observed to lose
characters when transmitting at slow baud rates. A more elegant
software solution to this hardware problem may be discovered in the
Chapter 18 Pg 51 DSZ Reference Rev Jun-26-90 Typeset 6-26-90
future.
Feb 25 1990: Doco change only. The "R" numeric parameter or the
"restrict" command may be used to force partially received files to be
deleted. These features have been in DSZ for a long time, but never got
into DSZ.DOC.
Feb 18 1990: DSZPORT now accepts "portx" style arguments in addition to
the traditional decimal number. The -Wn option has been improved.
Jan-28-1990: Doco improvements, especially to the "In Case of
Difficulty" chapter. BBS registration clarified for those that bother
to read it. Qmodem batch files fixed. No change to the DSZ software.
Jan-22-1990: ZMODEM-90(TM) extensions:
Receiver specified window size: The -Wn option operates similarly to the
-wn option. The -Wn option is specified to the receiver, which sends
this information to the sender. Pro-YAM, ZCOMM and DSZ versions
beginning with Jan 22 support this.
Specified extra escaped characters: The "zmtxesc" and "zmrxesc" allow
extra characters to be escaped when sending (zmtxesc) or receiving
(zmrxesc). Zmtxesc is effective sending to any ZMODEM program. The sz
commands in Omen products after Jan 22 1990 except for DSZ.COM recognize
incoming "zmrxesc" requests. TThe zmrxesc and zmtxesc string parameters
consist of one or more printing characters corresponding to the control
characters to be escaped. To escape NULL: set zmrxesc "@"
Since DSZ does not support string parameters, a -Q<string> option unique
to DSZ performs the same function as zmrxesc and zmtxesc. If the
Q<string> option is used in DSZOPT, it must be last. To escape NULL:
dsz sz -Q@ file.ext
MobyTurbo(TM):
MobyTurbo optimizes throughput on ZIP, ARC, and similar files without
sacrificing ZMODEM's famous reliability on noisy lines. MobyTurbo works
with standard modems, error correcting modems with hardware flow
control, and over paths that support ZMODEM and do not "eat" or
otherwise respond to control characters. This includes all paths that
support YMODEM-g (or would except for errors).
Activate MobyTurbo with the -m option to one or more of: sz command, rz
command, or DSZOPT environment variable.
ZMODEM over 7 bit paths: (Not supported in DSZ.COM)
A pair of ZMODEM-90 programs with 7-bit support operating over a 7 bit
path should detect that fact and switch to one of two 7-bit path
compatible encodings. For testing, this can be forced with a "-E"
Chapter 18 Pg 52 DSZ Reference Rev Jun-26-90 Typeset 6-26-90
option.
Default 7-bit mode is RLE compression and 8th bit quoting similar to
Kermit but more efficient because not so many control characters are
quoted. Use this default for text files. Rubout and all control
characters can be escaped with the -e option. Individual control
characters can be escaped with "zmtxesc" and "zmrxesc".
Pack-7 instead of quoting is activated with the -P option. (-P has no
effect on 8 bit paths.) Pack-7 packs 4 bytes into 5 printing characters.
This is more efficient than quoting for files where 25% more 8th bits
appear than the number of characters saved by RLE compression. (This
statement applies to GIF, ARC, ZOO, and ZIP files. It may or may not
apply to other binary file formats, depending on the data.) Pack-7 will
match or beat standard Kermit on ZIP files, even when Kermit has use of
all 8 bits.
SUPK412.ZIP 75136 bytes sent at 2400 bps direct connect from an
Everec 1800 AT clone 8mHz/0ws to an 18 mHz Intel 386 motherboard.
8-Bit line
cps Protocol/command
156 MS Kermit 3.00 to MS Kermit 3.00 (defaults)
182 MS Kermit 3.00 to MS Kermit 3.00 (windows=2 length=2000)
184 MS Kermit 3.00 to Pro-YAM 17.51 (windows=2 length=2000)
231 Pro-YAM 17.51 ZMODEM (defaults)
237 Pro-YAM 17.51 ZMODEM-90(TM) MobyTurbo(TM) (sz -m)
7-Bit line
cps Protocol/command
156 MS Kermit 3.00 to MS Kermit 3.00 (windows=4 length=2000)
190 Pro-YAM 17.51 ZMODEM-90 PACK-7 (sz -EP)
Kermit transfers used 8 bit CRC, ZMODEM used 32 bit CRC.
************************************************************************
************************************************************************
WHAT TO LOOK FOR:
Performance difference with MobyTurbo, possible side
effects/incompatibilities. MobyTurbo logic tests for software flow
control incompatibilities: when does this test fail?
Automatic detection of 7-bit paths. Spurious detection of 7-bit paths
and failure to detect 7-bit paths. (DSZ.EXE only)
12-13-89 The Virus check was removed because of user confusion and slow
startup under certain conditions. Code has been added to prevent and/or
Chapter 18 Pg 53 DSZ Reference Rev Jun-26-90 Typeset 6-26-90
recover from "line status register 18" errors.
10-28-89 A T may be appended to DSZOPT or "dsz t -T" may be used to
force DSZ to exit after it has recognized a ZMODEM AutoDownload(TM)
request.
10-24-89 BBS registered copies (serial numbers 8000-8999 and 20000-
23999) are now fully featured.
The BBS registration form has been modified. Please read this form
carefully before applying a BBS serial number. Use of BBS serial
numbers (4000, 20000 series) acknowledges acceptance of this contract.
The IMP/KMD compatibility file length information in the YMODEM header
generated by the sb command now uses the correct byte ordering. Changes
to the XMODEM/YMODEM sz/sb commands were made to accommodate programs
that ise CK or CKL. (As predicted in 1985, networks sometimes interfere
with these sequences.)
Files passed over because of creation errors at the receiving end are
now counted by the "sz" command as errors. The receiving program must
be a 9/89 or later version for this to be effective.
The specified directory form of the rz and rb commands has been enanced
to accommodate certain forms of erroneous syntax.
6-19-89 A documentation error (concerning DSZPORT) was corrected in the
DOC file.
5-25-89 Corrects a protocol negotiation problem encountered when the rz
or sz -e option is used.
Host programs can now specify an alternate CANCEL sequence (not used for
DOS and Unix).
The ZMODEM "Slow Send" mode inserts a brief pause after each subpacket
when invoked with the -F option, or automatically when the "sz" command
detects failing flow control. The zmodem F numeric parameter (default
1) sets the pause in tenths of seconds.
4-24-89 The -rr option has been improved. Long file compares are done
in two stages to save time when the first portions do not match.
Diagnostic code and undocumented commands have been removed to decrease
the program size.
The 4-18 version introduces ZMODEM variable length headers of up to 16
bytes information field instead of the previous fixed 4. Selection of
variable length header capability is automatic and downward compatible.
Variable length headers allow future extensions to ZMODEM's
capabilities.
Chapter 18 Pg 54 DSZ Reference Rev Jun-26-90 Typeset 6-26-90
ZMODEM Crash Recovery now understands the -rr option to compare the
CRC-32 of the assumed common file segment before continuing an
incomplete file transfer. The "zmodem R" numeric parameter may be set
to limit the number of bytes in the files that are compared; the default
R value of 0 allows all of the file to be compared, an R value up to
32000 (up to 2 billion on 32 bit flavors) limits the comparison to the
first R bytes of the two files. The ZMODEM -rr option is supported by
Omen Tech versions April 18 1989 and later.
When ZMODEM Crash Recovery detects incompatible source and destination
file contents, the destination file is now truncated to zero length
before proceeding with the transfer. Crash Recovery requires the
destination file to be no longer than the source file.
Error reporting on unregistered copies has been enhanced to point the
user to solutions described in the relevant chapters in DSZ.DOC.
3-18-89 In order to work around a bug in the new TCOMM bbs, DSZ now
defaults to "handshake on" if the speed is greater than 2400 and the
clear to send signal is high when DSZ selects the comm port.
The "o" command has been added to disconnect the modem after a terminal
session: "dsz t o" disconnects the modem when the terminal session is
completed.
The "P" (capital P) numeric parameter (q.v.) has been added to display
and control the UART fifo on some clone chips.
BBS registrations postmarked after Feb 28 1989 must be accompanied by a
paid DSZ registration. The free program expired Feb 28 1989. Outside
help has been hired to process and verify applications received under
that program.
2-23-89 The term function now sends BREAK in response to the ALT-B key.
Handling of the Ctrl-Break vector has been changed so an untimely
keyboarded Ctrl-C or Ctrl-Break will not hang DOS.
2-15-89 DIRRX is enabled for BBS registrations (8xxx numbers). Logic
has been added to simulate transmit interrupts on chips that have
problems in this area. The "A" command does not require registration.
An interaction between ONAME= or PREFIX= and the file count display has
been removed. Time/date conversion routines have been enhanced to deal
with files with missing dates. The "v" command has been added to allow
bbs programs to interrogate DSZ's serial number.
2-06-89 A spurious error message at the completion of YMODEM downloads
with a download directory specified on the command line has been
eliminated.
2-05-89 DSZ now returns a non 0 status unless at least one file has been
transferred. An inappropriate pathname/disk specifier check on
Chapter 18 Pg 55 DSZ Reference Rev Jun-26-90 Typeset 6-26-90
specified download directories has been removed.
Previous versions:
Added the "A" command to prevent pcAnywhere host mode from locking up
DSZ. SlugBait logic has been simplified, reporting any failed file
transfer where any of the last 1K of the file was sent with Q status.
Introduced ZMODEM RLE compression with the -Z option. (registered DSZ
copies also accept "Z" in the DSZOPT environment variable.) ZMODEM RLE
compression packs runs of the same character in two or three character
sequences. Compression is useful for screen dumps, uncompressed
workspaces, compiler listings, and other files rich with strings of
repeated characters, but not .ARC, .ZOO and other compressed files.
Compression percentages range from -1 per cent for already compressed
files to more than 1000 per cent (10x speedup!) for the Personal
Computing text file benchmark(!). When sending to programs that do not
support ZMODEM compression, the -Z option is ignored. The -Z option is
effective when specified to the sending program only.
Good news for tired frog stompers! The ZMODEM rz/sz programs are now
available in a VMS C flavor. The VAX/VMS source files are contained in
the RZSZ.ARC (RZSZ.ZOO) archive file.
"Handshake slow" has been added to disable the RTS signal to the modem
while writing to disk, even if the interrupt buffer is not chock full of
bytes. This should help systems with excessive interrupt latency on
disk writes.
Setting the v (verbose) parameter to 1 or greater causes serialized
copies to ring the bell when a transfer is done.
DSZ.DOC has been extensively rewritten and reorganized. DSZ supports
the advanced buffering of the National NS16550AN, NS16550AFN and Intel
82510 serial interface devices. Please refer to the subchapter on
"Brain Damaged UARTs".
Chapter 19 Pg 56 DSZ Reference Rev Jun-26-90 Typeset 6-26-90
19. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
32 bit CRC code courtesy Gary S. Brown.
ZMODEM-90(TM), MobyTurbo(TM), The High Reliability Software(TM), Demand
Upgrade(TM), TurboLearn Script Writer(TM), Cybernetic Data Recovery(TM),
ZMODEM AutoDownload(TM), Intelligent Crash Recovery(TM), Error
Containment(TM), Full Time Capture(TM), True YMODEM(TM),
OverThruster(TM), Password Guardian(TM), CryptoScript(TM), and
TurboDial(TM) are Omen Technology trademarks.
PowerCom was trademarked in 1985 by POLYTRON Corporation, Hillsboro
Oregon.
True YMODEM(TM) is an Omen Technology Trademark signifying YMODEM
protocol support that meets the full YMODEM specification.
DSZ and this documentation are Copyright 1990 by Omen Technology Inc,
all rights reserved. DSZ is not and never has been Public Domain.
Every version of DSZ has included a Copyright Notice and a prohibition
against sale or modification. This prohibition applies to any theft of
the intellectual property and trade secrets contained in DSZ by
decompilation, disassembly, or any other form of reverse engineering
including but not limited to profiling, tracing, data analysis, or
monitoring the operation of DSZ.
Omen Technology copyright applies to its expression of the encoding and
compression ideas expressed as code and byte streams used in the
ZMODEM-90 enhancements.
DSZ is not and never has been Copy Protected. "DSZ unprotect" files
have no function whatsoever except to aid and encourage the theft of
Omen Technology's Intellectual Property.
Omen Technology Incorporated
The High Reliability Software
17505-V Northwest Sauvie Island Road
Portland Oregon 97231
Modem: 503-621-3746 Speed 1200,2400,19200
FAX: 503-621-3735
CompuServe:70007,2304 GEnie:CAF
